The Effectiveness of Disinfectant Residuals in the Distribution System
ثبت نشده
چکیده
The USEPA is revising the Total Coliform Rule (TCR) and is considering new possible distribution system requirements as part of these revisions. As part of this process, the USEPA is publishing a series of issue papers to present available information on topics relevant to possible TCR revisions. This paper was developed as part of that effort. The objectives of the issue papers are to review the available data, information and research regarding the potential public health risks associated with the distribution system issues, and where relevant identify areas in which additional research may be warranted. The white papers will serve as background material for EPA, expert and stakeholder discussions. The papers only present available information and do not represent Agency policy. Some of the papers were prepared by parties outside of EPA; EPA does not endorse those papers, but is providing them for information and review.
منابع مشابه
Modified Maximum Likelihood Estimation in First-Order Autoregressive Moving Average Models with some Non-Normal Residuals
When modeling time series data using autoregressive-moving average processes, it is a common practice to presume that the residuals are normally distributed. However, sometimes we encounter non-normal residuals and asymmetry of data marginal distribution. Despite widespread use of pure autoregressive processes for modeling non-normal time series, the autoregressive-moving average models have le...
متن کاملApplication of artificial neural networks to forecasting water quality in a chloraminated water distribution system
Accurate forecasting of disinfection residuals in a water distribution system (WDS) is essential for optimal control of disinfectant dosing in order to maintain good water quality within the system. The most commonly used disinfectant in the drinking water treatment process throughout the world is chlorine. Previously, artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been used successfully to predict chl...
متن کاملStability and effectiveness of chlorine disinfectants in water distribution systems.
A test system for water distribution was used to evaluate the stability and effectiveness of three residual disinfectants--free chlorine, combined chlorine, and chlorine dioxide--when challenged with a sewage contaminant. The test distribution system consisted of the street main and internal plumbing for two barracks at Fort George G. Meade, MD. To the existing pipe network, 152 m (500 ft) of 1...
متن کاملPotential Applications of Land Treatment Systems for Disinfectant-Rich Wastewater in Response to the COVID-19 Health Protocol: A Narrative Review
Introduction: The use of antiseptics and disinfectants in daily health protocols has a consequence of changing the quality of wastewater to be toxic to microbes. As a result, microbiological wastewater treatment has the potential to not be processed properly. To solve the problem of disinfectant-rich wastewater, a plant-based treatment method can be useful, the implementation of which is a land...
متن کاملRobust Model- Based Fault Detection and Isolation for V47/660kW Wind Turbine
In this paper, in order to increase the efficiency, to reduce the cost and to prevent the failures of wind turbines, which lead to an extensive break down, a robust fault diagnosis system is proposed for V47/660kW wind turbine operated in Manjil wind farm, Gilan province, Iran. According to the acquired data from Iran wind turbine industry, common faults of the wind turbine such as sensor fault...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2007